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# Basic Top-Down Socks Pattern

## Introduction
Welcome to this beginner-friendly knitting pattern for basic top-down socks. These socks feature a classic design with a heel flap and gusset. The pattern is written for worsted weight yarn, making them quick to knit up and perfect for cooler months. This is an ideal project if you're new to sock knitting or looking to make a cosy pair for yourself or a loved one.

## Materials
- **Yarn**: 100g of worsted weight yarn
- **Needles**: Set of 5 double-pointed needles (dpns) size 4.5 mm (UK size 7, US size 7)
- **Notions**: Stitch markers, tapestry needle, measuring tape, scissors

## Tension (Gauge)
- 20 stitches and 28 rows = 10 cm (4 inches) in stockinette stitch in the round
- It is crucial to check your tension before starting to ensure proper fit.

## Size
Instructions are given for Small, Medium, Large. Foot circumference: Small (20 cm / 8 inches), Medium (23 cm / 9 inches), Large (25.5 cm / 10 inches). Length is adjustable.

## Abbreviations
- k = knit
- p = purl
- st(s) = stitch(es)
- k2tog = knit two together
- ssk = slip, slip, knit
- dpns = double-pointed needles

## Pattern

### Cuff
1. **Cast On**: Using 4.5 mm needles, cast on 40 (48, 56) sts. Divide stitches evenly over 4 dpns. Join in the round, taking care not to twist.
2. **Ribbing**: Work in k2, p2 ribbing for 4 cm (1.5 inches).

### Leg
3. **Knit**: Continue in stockinette stitch (knit every round) until the leg measures 15 cm (6 inches) from the cast-on edge or desired length.

### Heel Flap
4. **Set-Up**: Work heel flap back and forth on 20 (24, 28) sts.
5. **Row 1 (RS)**: *sl1, k1*, repeat from * to end.
6. **Row 2 (WS)**: Sl1, p to end.
7. Repeat these two rows until heel flap measures 5 cm (2 inches), ending with a RS row.

### Turn Heel
8. **Row 1 (WS)**: P11 (13, 15), p2tog, p1, turn.
9. **Row 2 (RS)**: Sl1, k5 (7, 9), ssk, k1, turn.
10. **Row 3 (WS)**: Sl1, p to gap, p2tog, p1, turn.
11. **Row 4 (RS)**: Sl1, k to gap, ssk, k1, turn.
12. Repeat Rows 3 and 4 until all sts have been worked. You will have 10 (12, 14) sts remaining.

### Gusset
13. **Pick Up Stitches**: With RS facing, knit across heel sts. Pick up and knit 10 (12, 14) sts along side of heel flap. Place marker. Knit across instep sts. Place marker. Pick up and knit 10 (12, 14) sts along other side of heel flap. Knit remaining heel sts.
14. **Gusset Decrease**:
   - Round 1: Needle 1: Knit to 3 sts before marker, k2tog, k1. Needle 2 and 3: Knit. Needle 4: K1, ssk, knit to end.
   - Round 2: Knit.
   - Repeat these two rounds until you are back to 40 (48, 56) sts.

### Foot
15. **Knit**: Continue in stockinette stitch until foot measures 5 cm (2 inches) less than desired total foot length.

### Toe Shaping
16. **Decrease for Toe**:
   - Round 1: Needle 1: Knit to last 3 sts, k2tog, k1. Needle 2: K1, ssk, knit to end. Needle 3: Knit to last 3 sts, k2tog, k1. Needle 4: K1, ssk, knit to end.
   - Round 2: Knit.
   - Repeat these two rounds until 16 (20, 24) sts remain.
17. **Finish**: Cut yarn, leaving a long tail. Thread through remaining stitches and pull tight to close toe. Weave in all ends.

## Finishing
- Weave in any loose ends using the tapestry needle.
- Block socks gently if desired.

## Tips
- Ensure socks fit well by trying them on as you knit, especially before starting the toe decreases.
- Adjust leg or foot length to suit personal preference.

Enjoy your new cosy socks! Happy knitting!